Author Archives: Swany

Schäffer map 1911

Section of Canadian Rocky Mountains visited during 1907 and 1908

Section of Canadian Rocky Mountains visited during 1907 and 1908
Old Indian Trails, p. 361 [accessed 3 November 2026]


Outline Map of
SECTION OF CANADIAN ROCKY MOUNTAINS.
Visited during 1907 and 1908.
Sources of information
J. McEvoy’s Survey Map of 1900,
Dr. J. Norman Collie’s Sketch Map

Insert: Map of Alberta and British Columbia
from “Map of Dominion of Canada 1910.” Shows railway routes, constructed and proposed: Canadian Pacific Railway, Grand Trunk Pacific Railway, Canadian Northern Railway

Mary T. S. Schäffer Warren [1861–1939] explored around Mount Robson in 1908, shortly before the arrival of the Grand Trunk Pacific. This map accompanied the account of her travels, Old Indian Trails [1].

References:

  • 1. Schäffer Warren, Mary T. S. [1861–1939]. Old Indian trails. Incidents of camp and trail life, covering two years’ exploration through the Rocky Mountains of Canada. [1907 and 1908]. New York: Putnam, 1911, p. 361. Internet Archive [accessed 3 November 2026]

John Arrowsmith’s map British North America 1832

J. Arrowsmith, 1832. British North America

J. Arrowsmith, 1832. British North America
University of British Columbia Library


J. Arrowsmith, 1832. British North America (detail)

J. Arrowsmith, 1832. British North America (detail)

British North America
By Permission Dedicated to the Hon. Hudsons Bay Company
Containing the latest information which their documents furnish
By their Obedient Servant
J. Arrowsmith 1832.
Legge & Co Steam-lith./ Montreal

This edition of the map is from from Archibald McDonald’s journal of an 1828 trip accompanying George Simpson [1792–1860]. It includes a notice that the map is “Copied from original, & with latest additions.” The latest additions might be the “colored lines,” Red being the Simpson Route, Blue the McLeod Route, Yellow the proposed Territorial Route, and Green the proposed Pacific R.R. route. Additions credited to “M. McLeod (Britannicus) in June 1869.”

On the map the Athabasca River is labelled “McLeod Riv.” Fort George is not named.

Map No. 101 in Voorhis [1].

References:

  • 1. Voorhis, Ernest [1859–1933]. Historic Forts and Trading Posts of the French Régime and of the English Fur Trading Companies. Ottawa: Department of the Interior, 1930. University of British Columbia Library [accessed 3 January 2026]

Dawson’s Kamloops Geological Sheet 1895

University of Michigan Library [accessed 12 October 2026]


University of Michigan Library [accessed 12 October 2026]

Geological Survey of Canada
British Columbia
KAMLOOPS SHEET
GEOLOGICALLY COLOURED.
by George M. Dawson C.M.G., L.L.D., F.R.S.
1895
Compiled and drawn by James McEvoy B.A.Sc.

George Mercer Dawson [1849–1901] engaged in geological work in the southern inland portion of British Columbia during the years 1877, 1888, 1889 and 1890, frequently accompanied by James McEvoy [1862–1935].

This map includes:
Tsuk-tsuk-kwālk
References:

  • Dawson, George Mercer, D.S. [1849–1901]. “Notes on the Shuswap people of British Columbia.” Transactions of the Royal Society Canada, Section 2 (1891). University of British Columbia [accessed 3 January 2026]

Tsuk-tsuk-kwālk

British Columbia. Former settlement
On North Thompson River about 20 km S of Little Fort
51.2584 N 120.1824 W Google — GeoHack
Not currently an official name.
This former settlement appears on:
Dawson’s Kamloops Sheet 1895

While engaged in geological work in the southern inland portion of British Columbia during the years 1877, 1888, 1889, and 1890, George Mercer Dawson [1849–1901] made notes and observations on the Secwépemc (Shuswap people). He stated the highest mountain that the Kamloops Indians knew of is on the north side of the valley at Tête Jaune Cache, about ten miles from the valley. “This is named Yuh-hai-has’-kun, from the appearance of a spiral road running up it. No one has ever been known to reach the top, though a former chief of Tsuk-tsuk-kwālk, on the North Thompson, was near the top once when hunting goats. When he realized how high he had climbed he became frightened and returned”(1).

In his list of Shuswap names of places on the Kamloops Sheet of the Geological Map of British Columbia, Dawson includes Tsuk-tsuk-kwālk, a reservation on the North Thompson that means “red place (trees)” in the native language.

References:

  • 1. Dawson, George Mercer [1849–1901]. “Notes on the Shuswap people of British Columbia.” Transactions of the Royal Society Canada, Section 2 (1891). University of British Columbia
Also see:

Muhigan Mountain

Alberta. Mountain
S of Miette River, W of Jasper
52.8264 N 118.225 W — Map 083D16 — Google — GeoHack
Name officially adopted in 1951
Topo map from Canadian Geographical Names
Muhigan is an Indian word for “wolf.” The name was established in 1916 by surveyor Morrison Parsons Bridgland [1878–1948]. [1]

References:

  • 1. Karamitsanis, Aphrodite [1961–]. Place names of Alberta. Volume 1: Mountains, Mountain Parks and Foothills. Calgary: University of Calgary Press, 1991 .Internet Archive [accessed 25 February 2025].